Education policy Essay Example for Free

facts of life insurance Essay preparation the base necessitate Object of secernment Importance of Education cathode-ray oscilloscope of Pakistans didacticsal System Educational System in Pakistan Key Performance Indicators for Education Systems PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN 1. Medium of Education 2. unlikeness of System at Provincial aim 3. Gender Discrimination 4. Lack of Technical Education 5. meek allocation of finances 6. Inefficient Teachers 7. P all overty 8. Corruption 9. Social imbalance 10. Mismanagement of System 11. basis Problems 12. Private naturalize remains 13. Lack of breedingal policies 14. Increase in population 15.Lack of attendance of the authorities 16. Lack of uniform program lineal ashes 17. Medium of Instruction 18. Education as a business 19. Delay in renewal of policies and syllabus 20. Political balk SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 1. incline should be medium of Instruction 2. Talented and qualified Staff 3. Fulfill th e drop of teachers 4. Primary preparation should be make compulsory 5. Increase in teachers incentives 6. Translation of foreign explore to local spoken language 7. Check on distinctive snap- 8. Scholarships and financial clog to students 9. Special Financial packages 10.Betterment of pedagogy policies and teachers field of studyshop 11. Infused Technical Education 12. Promotion of primary(a) raising Conclusion Essay Education the grassroots need Education is the light of the life. Education proves to one of the or so important factors for the development of human civilization. Education enhances human status and leads everyone to propriety. it is a continuous and lifelong process. It attri stilles most important, precious and permanent property of an individual. Education bring home the bacons manpower, strengthens matter unity and uplifts macrocosm aw beness. It invites positive and constructive change in life.It makes our life really stentorian and meaningful. E veryone commands to be well educated. Life can be supremacyful by the help of appropriate preparation. educate person can only judge what is correct and what is wrong And takes the appropriate and right decision precisely uneducated person fails to do so. Object of Education Robert Maynard Hutchins describes it as The object of raising is to prep be the teenage to educate themselves by dint of forbidden their lives. We should give our early days the way to educate themselves. Edward Everett said that Education is a divulge safeguard of liberty than a standing army. Importance of Education We all know the importance of statement. It is the most important aspect of either nations survival today. Education builds the nations it determines the future of a nation. ISLAM as well tells us most Education and its importance. The real essence of Education according to ISLAM is to know ALLAH but I think in our state we truly lost. Neither our schools nor our madrassas (Islamic Education Centres) ar truly educating our youth in this regard. In schools, we argon serious preparing them for Money. We argonnt educating them we are just preparing Money Machines.We are only increasing the effect of the books for our children and just enrolling them in a reputed, big school for what, just for complaisant status On the other hand in our madrassas we are preparing people who finds very tall(prenominal) to redress in the modern society. Sometimes it seems that they are from another planet. A madrassa student cant struggle even in our coun fork up then the World is so far from him. He finds very difficult to even speak to a school boy. It is crystal clear that Islamic Education is necessary for Muslims but it is excessively a fact that without modern education no one can compete in this creative activity.There are many ex respectables of Muslim Scholars who not only study the Holy Quraan but also mastered the other subjects like Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Astronomy and many a lot(prenominal) than, with the help of Holy Quraan. I think with the authentic education system we are narrowing the way for our children instead of widening it. There is no head that our children are very talented, both in schools and in madrassas, we just need to give them proper ship canal to groom, give them the space to become Quaid-E-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Allama Iqbal, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Alberoni, Abnalhasam, or Einstein, Newton, Thomas Edison.The education system we are running with is not working anymore. We have to find a way to bridge this gaolbreak between school and madrassa. Back scope of Pakistans Educational System Numerous international assessments could explore that Pakistan is lagging behind many countries in achieving the Education for All goal (EFA). We were the signatory to the treaty under Dakar Framework where it was decided by all the developing countries that they will be trying to achieve the target of EFI in the meeting he ld in Senegal in 2000.UNESCO prescribes in Pakistan are at a mortifieder EFA development Index (EDI) be driveway of hap little enrolment at primary school, magnanimous literacy, sexual activity equity and equality, equalities in education and quality of education. The braggart(a) literacy in Pakistan, in spite of concerted efforts, fail to go beyond the border line of 50 percent. The women literacy is much more belittling as thirty three percent of the adult women cannot even read. The more embracing would be that we would not be catching the target to achieve the adult literacy by 2015. fall out towards the achievement of the targets is exceptionally slow, while gender parity goal is at risk of not beingness achieved by 2015. Moreover, more than 6 million children are out of school. Educational System in Pakistan Education system in Pakistan is really having a bad configuration at the moment. There is no interrogative sentence in accepting the fact that education stands th e backbone for the development of nations. Looking at the history of nations, we whitethorn safely reach the conclusion that the advanced nations of the world could reach the zenith of prestige and power taking support from education.The allocations for education are as well meager, and in spite of allocation, the amount is not spent for what it was meant for as the corruption is found in all the tiers of education and also because of the same delivery from the government institutions that is much d givestairs the desired and aspired levels. Private education in Pakistan is far reaching for the abject and the upset of this quality education does not look the country the way they are supposed to. Planning for education does not go in congruence with the unavoidably and implement remains ever ignored, so by this way the system is getting more spoiled rather than flourishing.Our universities have failed to produce the planners, developers, implementers, and decision makers. Rathe r the turnover is a mismatch with the ground realities, the half backed persons we are producing are of no use to us. The students we come crosswise are degree seekers rather than the knowledge. The enlarge in digit of colleges and universities does not mean that we are deprivation by the standards rather these are worsening, a simple evidence of which is that no Pakistani university could find a space among the top 1000 universities of the world. The socio-economic scenario is directly attached with the status of Education in the country.The developed world managed to scale up their education in line with the needs and market requirements. Despite the recent achievements, a lot more is needed to be done as the country still faces numerous challenges which cause deterrence. We are under obligation to raise the education of our population to the level of our South Asian neighbors, to fall upon our own social and economic wants to the satisfactory level. The very scale of Pakistan s education vault of heaven more than 150,000 man education institutions serving over 21 million students and a huge clubby heavens that serves another 12 million presents formidable challenges.Education is found to be the cheapest and tangible defense weapon for a nation on the social, governmental, and economic fronts. But the down trodden condition of education in Pakistan bears an ample testimony of the fact that it is unable to defend its own field. Over the span of 64 years, the nation has been precondition the 23 policies and action plans but we could not start the march towards success and are waiting for a savior who could take the system out of turmoil. There were ample spend in the government of Pervaiz Musharraf on education and due to which, we could see the visible positive educational change in Pakistani society. before long the economic situation in Pakistan is under severe stress and education sector has received the highest carry on in Pakistan. The Con stitution of Islamic Re popular of Pakistan has led to the fact in the following words, The state of Pakistan shall subscribe illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period. In Human development Report, Pakistan is placed at 136th position because its 49. 9% population comes under the definition of education. The dropout rate is alarmingly high at the primary level consequently, it is revealed by the Data Center of UNESCO, that 33. 8% females and 47.18% in males could pass through the most initial level of education. We may be conclusive just about the ground reality that people in the 6th largest country of the world have no admission price to the basic education even. Key Performance Indicators for Education Systems The frequently used indicators for assessing education and its systems are adult literacy grade, male and female enrollment at different levels of education, participation rate in the different areas of the country t he dropout rates, the amount of resources allocated to education as a proportion of the GDP and some measures of the quality of education being act.At the moment, the workability of these indicators rests on the footing of authenticated and recent data so that the planning details may be worked out with confidence. Irony of fate, the indicators, their footings and the quality of data all want more authenticity, but unluckily, Pakistans cross-file neglects objectivity and rationality on all counts. PROBLEMS OF EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN 1. Medium of Education The system of education in Pakistan is operative in match with the local needs and ground realities.It is almost a vital factor that the education in the mother tongue surrenders more dividends but we have the system more segregated and diversified just contrary to our requirements. A well behaved example of it is that we fail to decide about the Medium of education over the span of 64 years. Different mediums are operational i n both, public and private sector. This creates a sort of disparity among people, dividing them into two segments. 21. Disparity of System at Provincial LevelThe Regions of Pakistan in the name of provinces are not at par as regards the infrastructure, availability of staff, their training, content victory allocation of resources and their utilization. This develops a disparity not only in the system but in the turnover too. There is a need to revisit the schools in Baluchistan (The Largest Province of Pakistan by area) because these are not that much groomed as that of Punjab (The Largest Province of Pakistan by Population). In FATA, the literacy rate is deplorable constituting 29. 5% in males and 3% in females.The conditions are to be do more congenial about teaching and learning in all parts of the country without any discretion. 22. Gender Discrimination We should have know how of the population comprising females, unfortunately their education is not attended to the way it wa s deemed fit. The gender discrimination is a cause that is contributing towards the low participation rate of girls at the basic level of education. The male and female participation ratio is project at the primary school in the shape of ratio of boys girls as 104 respectively.In the decade passed, government invited private sector to shoulder the responsibility of education of the youth. The intent was also to provide the education at the doorstep to the children ee additional(a)ly the female students. The private sector took up the challenge and thither was an emergence in the growth of private schools but this step didnt cause the increase in the students or the quality. The masses could not be attracted because of precious education. It created clear cut tiers of society and created a gap among those with the haves and have nots. 23. Lack of Technical EducationThere is a craze for the white trey jobs for the same pupils. Select the planetary rut of education, though they hav e the least tilt or the energy to cope with the demands. China, Japan and Germany have the ruts for those who have a taste for and do not achieve the morality in the general rut of education. We have kept the opportunities open for all to participate in general education at all levels especially the university level. We could not attract the general masses towards technical education fashioning them to earn of their own act as the entrepreneurs and make their living without being the burden on the government.Education system is needed to be revamped making a space for the science, IT, management, and pupil with the excellence to go to the high education pursuing the education of their own choice. Lesser emphasis on technical education means the lesser manpower for industry and hence the lesser finance generation. 24. Low allocation of funds The allocation of funds for education is very low as it never went beyond 1. 5 to 2. 0 percent of the total GDP. Even this amount was not ut ilized and had to be surrendered back to the government because of want of expertise and the knowledge of codal formalities and in time release of funds.There is a need to increase it around 7% of the total GDP fundinging in cod the allocations by the neighboring countries, in that location is also a need to rationalize the luck at the different levels not ignoring any. 25. Inefficient Teachers government fails to attract the potential candidates for teaching with the zeal vigor and excellent carrier. Teaching is rated as the lowest among the jobs for the youth, because of lesser incentives, slow promotions and lesser fringe benefits. The teachers in government schools are not well groomed and equipt with knowledge and training.People who do not get job in any other sector, they try their luck in educational system. There is a need to reorganize pre-service and in-service trainings making them matched with the requirements rather to keep them ideal, unique and novel. 26. Povert y Poverty is growing over the years. The average class is vanishing like anything. It happens to be a curse for the nation that exists without having the average income group. The escalation of poverty has restricted the parents to send their children to tasks for child labor or at least to public or private schools.In these schools, the drop out is very high because schools are not the attractive places, the curriculum is dry and the teaching does not match the live situations. Poor parents are constrained to send their children to madressahs where the education is totally free. 27. Corruption Corruption causes the educational policies, plans and projects to fail because of being the major(ip) contributing factor. There is no accountability and transparency in the system, the salaries are low, the incentives are too less to be accounted and even those are uneven. An estimated Rs. 2,594 million out of a total of Rs.7,016 million provided for improvement of school facilities such as buildings, electricity, drinkable water, etc had gone unaccounted during the fiscal periods 2001-06 (UNESCO Bano, 2007). Similarly, more than 70% literacy centers in Punjab remained inoperative or exist only on paper (ADBP, 2007). The chances of ghost schools should be evaded by involving the community in the processes of direction and monitoring. 28. Social imbalance The students from the elite class follow the O and A levels curriculum instead of Pakistans turn orthodox and stagnant curriculum.They have little or no awareness of their religion and culture whereas those vent out from Urdu medium schools are usually destined to work in clerical and spurn level positions. Religious madrassas churn out yet another class that is usually unaware of the world impertinent their own perception. 29. Mismanagement of System Teachers absenteeism, poor professional training, sub-standard materials and obsolete teaching methods act as the major contributive factors towards the low enrolm ent in schools.Burki (2005), opines that most of the public schools are either mismanaged or poorly managed. They are found imparting education of second-rate quality through substandard textbooks and curricula that do not cater the needs of the 21st century. The education should be based on learning outcomes through suggesting ternary books rather than following a single book as an obligation. 30. Infrastructure Problems The dropout rate of those lucky seemly to be enrolled goes beyond 45% as has been divulged by the several reports.Most of the public sector educational institutions stay in a status of poor condition lacking even basic facilities, resultantly oscillation the presupposed standards of education. There are four areas that snivel for pressing concentration which are curriculum, textbooks, examinations, and teacher training (Hoodbhoy, 2001). The textbooks need be make more facilitating, student and learning friendly. 31. Private school system Private Schools in Paki stan enroll more students than in other countries of the region. They least bother about the capacity and facilities available, they rather over burden the teaching staff.The rapid mushroom growth of private schools and academies of teaching reflect the peoples lack of rely in the public sector schools coupled with a deficiency of sufficient educational institutions to cater to the needs of the fast growing population. However, there are certain private schools which are slightly better than the public ones. In the elite schools where the quality education is offered, heavy fees is charged that continues to be a problem. These private sectors schools are meant only for a special sector of the population and are out of the reach of general masses.The private sector schools should be brought under the control of rules making these somewhat accessible for the common population. 32. Lack of educational policies The National Education Policy (1998-2010) was developed prior to Dakar. It has a clear cut vision and direction to support the education department. Since the 2001, the Ministry of Education has developed a number of policy documents including that of National Education policy (2009) but the endeavors remain focused on paper work more rather than the operationalization, though the interlocking of NGOs and internationaldevelopment agencies is very much there. The simple reason is that the plans are vicious and not the ground reality based. The policies should be environment friendly. . 33. Increase in population Literacy in Pakistan has risen from 45 to 54 percent within the span of 2002 to 2006, simultaneously primary enrollment rates have also increase from 42 to 52 percent. The population explosion could not enable to catch the targets. In spite of the increase in the certain parameters, the participation rate in Pakistan remains the lowest in South Asia. on base it, there are marked male-female, inter-regional and rural-urban disparities Only 22 percen t of girls, compared to 47 percent boys, complete primary schooling. Female literacy in rural Baluchistan is only 32 percent compared to high urban male literacy rates (and 80 percent among the urban male in Sindh) 34. Lack of attention of the authorities Most of the criticisms leveled against the education procedures and practices may be rationalized through improving governance and accountability.It would be tangible and workable if we could go for considering the merit, enabling capacity building, increasing investments in education as an industry and finally giving the heir and elevate powers to the administrative heads. The private sector and the banks should finance the educational milieu with confidence, as at the moment, we are spending 2. 3 percent of GDP which is the lowest in South Asia. 35. Lack of uniform educational system There is a crying need for quality which calls for homogeneity among the procedural formalities like the reflexion of the curriculum.Had it been uniform the working for it, further extension becomes easier and getting the intellect skimmed out of masses becomes possible. Currently, the poor are deprived of education in the elite institutions which are causing the development of a special class. This class doesnt work for the nation they work elsewhere but are fed through the national resources. 36. Medium of Instruction We took a long period in deciding that what our medium of command would be, till now we dont have a clear picture before us. It is good to have the National language as the medium of communication provided we have a rich hold dear of knowledge.In our case, we do not fail to develop Urdu to cope with the intellectual needs nor do we repeat the treasure of knowledge available for our national use. 37. Education as a business Education has been pursued by some of the people as an industry but because of being illiterates, they fail to cope up with the stipulated standards. The leader with vision spoils the mi ssion as well as the projects undertaken. Their only intent is money making that has caused the decay in the standards, induction of sub-standard staff, and depriving the deserving to grow.They dont want to catch with the move of success but they try to be good entrepreneurs. 38. Delay in renewal of policies and syllabus/Political Interference There is a need to continuously update the curriculum because if it goes stale, it does not equip the beneficiaries with the saleable skills and expertise. At the first place, the problems cited have arisen due to lack of commitment and inefficient management on the part of state. The policies lack long term vision and its writ of execution strategies are being affected by undue political interference.In addition to it, the measures taken are not evidence based and geared by the vested interests of the authorities. whatever strategies have been applied failed to promote the rational and critical thinking skills amongst the students. At the s econd place, we find lack of resource commitment and realistic carrying into action alongside poor allocated resource utilization. As relevant statistics are not available, implementation of the education policy has not been successfully executed. At the third place, we come crossways weak budgetary planning because of staggered data and least coordination among the data maintaining units (USAID, 2006).The coordination, match with the assessment, project design and implementation are not to the desired level within the government and with the donor agencies. The harmonization is missing too between the federal and provincial governments which cause drastic problems in the policy implementation. The policy formulating, planning and implementing bodies work in isolation as the water tight compartments. The governments consultation is very much restricted and does not go beyond its specific quarters.It should have to be extended to non-state sectors to initiate and mobilize the actio n. Teachers does not unremarkably form the part of policy making process, hence the process of sharing and consultation remains missing. It leads to implementation of educational policies without consultation, thus the efforts go in vain (UNESCO, 2007). Over the span of time, what we have learnt is to go for dialogue, and belongings the private and public sector on board. The matter of access to education and challenges to quality remain at stake as being unresolved despite much policy deliberation.Recently, Minister of Education inform a new Education policy for that next 10 years ignoring the fact that the previous educational policy span still persists that was from 1998 to 2010. The policy has projected new plans and promises to the nation pointing to the fact that all the public schools will be raised to the level of private schools within the shortest period of time. In the absence of a plan of action, the suggested plan of action would not work. The schools have been put u nder obligation to use the national curriculum and encourage the students of 5th and 8th class to take board exams.This has disturbed the students of private sector also. It is urged that the Universities should be the research centres and must not be allowed to act as the examining bodies for alumnus or post-graduate examinations. Allocations are supposed to be made to the aspired levels as UNO suggests a country to allocate at least four percent of its GDP towards education but here in Pakistan we are just allocating less than two percents of GDP. Even that is not fully utilized because of procedural formalities. Suggested Solutions for Educational System 13. English should be medium of InstructionEnglish language should be the medium of instruction from beginning to the higher levels of learning. National language should be a supporting language for communication facilitation and every day business. Efforts should be made to enhance the knowledge treasure in the national langua ge through translation of the research based information. 14. Talented and qualified Staff Hiring should be made from amongst the highly qualified and the teachers should be give not according to the level of education but the qualification of the staff. 15. Fulfill the lack of teachersEfforts should be made to bring down the student-teacher ratio to 151 in lieu of current 401. Consequently, the number of teachers will have to be enhanced, leading to the rise in number of teachers and enabling the competent persons to be inducted to the system of education. 16. Primary education should be made compulsory Primary education should be made compulsory and free (it is already free of cost but not compulsory). It should also be made appealing, impressive, interesting and utilitarian to attract the general masses. 17. Increase in teachers incentivesTeachers should be offered more financial benefits by increasing their pays. 18. Translation of foreign research to local language University professors should be encouraged to conduct and share the research to the concerned stakeholders. They should also be asked to translate the foreign research into local languages for sharing it with the lower formations of education enabling them to implement/take benefit out of it. 19. Check on distinctive education- Government should strictly check all private educational institutions for keeping a balance of standards and level of practices. 20.Scholarships and financial support to students Students should be offered more scholarships and government should support the intelligent and outstanding students to prosper, develop and serve their local community rather than migrating to the big cities. 21. Special Financial packages The dilemma here in Pakistan is that students are genius but they use their intelligence in negative way, hence, contributing nothing towards the development of country. some other problem with Pakistan is brain drain. Capable and outstanding professionals p refer foreign jobs instead of serving in their own country.This is due to the low financial benefits and indifferent attitude of government towards them. Recently Government should provide them facilities and special financial packages to encourage them to stay in their own country. 22. Betterment of education policies and teachers workshop In the view of importance of education, the Government should take solid steps towards implementation instead of projecting policies. In this regard, the allocations should be made easy and timely from provinces to districts and then to educational institutes. Workshops must be arranged for teachers as a continuous feature for learning.23. Infused Technical Education Technical education should be infused into the regular system stream. The education board of Punjab has projected a plan to give tech- education to the children of industrial workers. 24. Promotion of primary education Promotion of the primary education should be made possible by con sulting teachers, professors and educationists while devising any plan, syllabus or policy for it. There should be a balance in reliance on public and private for enabling education to reach the general masses in its true shape.Students mental capacity is to be broadened by taking them out of the books into the practical realities. Education is the only cure of disability of the state and for bringing revolution through evolution and by eradicating the social evils through education. Conclusion Education serves as the backbone for the development of nations. The countries with the effective impressive need oriented, saleable and effective system of education comes out to be the leaders of the world, both socially and economically. It is only education which can turn a burden of population into productive human resource.Pakistans current state demands that the allocations for education be doubled to meet the challenges of EFI, gender disparity and provision of teachers in the work p laces earlier than 2018 as per stipulated qualifications. Millennium Development Goals are yet to be realized latest by 2015. The natural calamities, political turbulence, provincialisms, and political motivations make the best planned, fail. The allocations towards the sector of education could not be enhanced because of the earlier. We have to revisit our priorities to keep the country on the compensate of progress.